A213 T11 / 13CrMo4-5 Seamless Tube, Low Alloy Ferritic Steel Tube For Power Plant Boiler
A213 T11 Alloy Steel Seamless Tube – Introduction
ASTM A213 T11 is a seamless ferritic alloy steel tube designed for high-temperature service in boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers. It offers excellent thermal strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance, making it ideal for pressure-bearing applications in power plants and petrochemical industries. The alloy primarily contains chromium (1–1.5%) and molybdenum (0.44–0.65%), enhancing its performance at elevated temperatures. Supplied in a normalized and tempered condition, A213 T11 tubing meets strict mechanical and chemical requirements for long-term reliability in demanding environments.
Material Overview
- Standard: ASTM A213
- Grade: T11
- Type: Seamless ferritic alloy-steel tube
- Main Alloying Elements: Chromium (1.0–1.5%), Molybdenum (0.44–0.65%)
A213 T11 Equivalent Grades
| Standard | Equivalent Grade | Notes |
| ASME / ASTM | SA213 T11 | Identical to A213 T11 (ASME version for pressure vessels) |
| EN (Europe) | 13CrMo4-5 (1.7335) | Common in European boilers and pressure vessels |
| DIN (Germany) | 13CrMo44 | Older DIN standard; similar to 13CrMo4-5 |
| BS (UK) | 620B or BS 3059 Part 2 620B | British standard for high-temperature boiler tubing |
| JIS (Japan) | STBA 22 | Japanese equivalent for heat exchanger/boiler tube |
| GOST (Russia) | 12Kh1MF | Russian equivalent; used in pressure vessels |
Chemical Composition (Typical Range)
| Element | Content (%) | Role |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.15 | Improves hardness and strength |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30 – 0.60 | Enhances strength and hardenability |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.50 – 1.00 | Improves oxidation resistance |
| Chromium (Cr) | 1.00 – 1.50 | Provides corrosion and oxidation resistance |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.44 – 0.65 | Increases creep strength |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.025 | Controlled to reduce brittleness |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.025 | Controlled to improve weldability |
Mechanical Properties (at Room Temperature)
| Property | Typical Value |
| Tensile Strength | ≥ 415 MPa (60 ksi) |
| Yield Strength | ≥ 205 MPa (30 ksi) |
| Elongation | ≥ 30% |
| Hardness | ≤ 163 HB (Brinell) |
Processing Steps
1. Tube Manufacturing
2. Heat Treatment
According to ASTM A213 specification, T11 tubes must be heat-treated as follows:
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Normalized at 850–900°C (1562–1652°F)
(Refines grain structure and improves toughness)
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Tempered at a temperature not less than 650°C (1202°F)
(Relieves internal stresses and restores ductility after normalizing)
Note: Heat treatment must be applied after cold finishing if it's done.
3. Cold Finishing (Optional)
4. Descaling / Surface Treatment
5. Testing & Inspection
All tubes undergo mechanical and nondestructive testing per ASTM A213:
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Hardness test
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Flattening test
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Flaring test
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Hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test
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Dimensional check (OD, wall thickness, length)
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